Understanding the Legislative Process

Every law begins as an idea, often sparked by a community need or public concern. A legislator sponsors the idea by drafting a bill and officially introducing it to the state or federal legislature for consideration.

Once introduced, the bill is assigned to a committee, where lawmakers review it, hold hearings, suggest changes, and decide whether it should move forward. This is a critical stage where bills can be improved—or stopped entirely—before being sent for a full vote in State Legislature or in Congress at the Federal Level.

After a bill passes through committee, it moves to the floor of its originating chamber—either the state House or Senate—for debate, possible amendments, and a vote. If it passes, the bill proceeds to the other chamber, where it goes through the same process.

If both chambers approve the same version, the bill is sent to the governor. If there are differences between the versions passed by each chamber, a conference committee may be formed to reach a compromise, which must then be approved by both chambers.

The governor can sign the bill into law, veto it, or take no action—depending on the state, inaction may allow the bill to become law or result in a veto. If vetoed, the legislature can attempt to override the veto, usually requiring a two-thirds vote in both chambers.

Advocacy is especially powerful during the committee phase and before key votes. When legislators hear from constituents—especially professionals with firsthand experience—it can influence how they vote and whether the bill advances.

AMTA keeps members informed about important legislation and when action is particularly vital. Speaking up can include writing letters, making phone calls, meeting with lawmakers, or participating in advocacy campaigns—every voice helps shape the outcome of the legislation.

Knowledge is power—and understanding the steps in the legislative process empowers our members to be informed advocates.